https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-02387-2
Regular Article
Global analysis of within-host SARS-CoV-2/HIV coinfection model with latency
1
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
3
Department of Mathematical Science, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, 21361, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Received:
16
November
2021
Accepted:
4
January
2022
Published online:
27
January
2022
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by a virus called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this paper, we analyze a within-host SARS-CoV-2/HIV coinfection model. The model is made up of eight ordinary differential equations. These equations describe the interactions between healthy epithelial cells, latently infected epithelial cells, productively infected epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2 particles, healthy CD T cells, latently infected CD T cells, productively infected CD T cells, and HIV particles. We confirm that the solutions of the developed model are bounded and nonnegative. We calculate the different steady states of the model and derive their existence conditions. We choose appropriate Lyapunov functions to show the global stability of all steady states. We execute some numerical simulations to assist the theoretical contributions. Based on our results, weak CD T cell immunity in SARS-CoV-2/HIV coinfected patients causes an increase in the concentrations of productively infected epithelial cells and SARS-CoV-2 particles. This may lead to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients. This result agrees with many studies that discussed the high risk of severe infection and death in HIV patients when they get SARS-CoV-2 infection. On the other hand, increasing the death rate of infected epithelial cells during the latency period can reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients. More studies are needed to understand the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2/HIV coinfection and find better ways to treat this vulnerable group of patients.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022