https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06643-z
Regular Article
Calculation of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of odd neutron nuclei through a relativistic approach
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, P.O. Box 3995, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2
Faculty of Physics, Yazd University, P. O. Box 89195-741, Yazd, Iran
Received:
30
April
2025
Accepted:
10
July
2025
Published online:
21
July
2025
The electromagnetic moments of nuclei including dipoles and quadrupoles have great significance for the study of nuclear structure. In this regard, the importance of electric quadrupole moment is in determining a deviation of nuclear charge distribution from a spherical shape and the magnetic dipole moment provides information on magnetization densities, which reveal the structure of the nuclei. In this work, we study the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole moments of odd neutron nuclei through the relativistic Dirac equation in the presence of the central and spin–orbit potentials. To this aim, we first obtain the energy equation of an odd neutron, analytically. In the following, using the Dirac spinors as well as energy balance values of an odd neutron in the ground state, the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole moments are calculated. Our numerical results for isotopes O, Ne, Ca, Sr, Zr, Pb and Po are compared with a non-relativistic shell model (the Schmidt predictions) as well as experimental data.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
