https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06564-x
Regular Article
Slow protons emission characteristics with 
+ Em interactivity at 1 A GeV
Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, 281406, Mathura, India
Received:
20
January
2025
Accepted:
18
June
2025
Published online:
2
July
2025
In interactions of -Em at 1 GeV per nucleon, the multiplicity distributions (MD) for the black particles also known as slow target protons (STP) were examined as a function of collision centrality. In order to conduct study, it divided the encounter events into two categories. The target size (
-parameter) of the interactions determines second, whereas the first is dependent on the number of nucleons that remain as spectators Q (stripped nucleons) from the projectile. Findings show that the particle multiplicity, which serves as a proxy for the nuclear interactivity impact parameter, is more selective than the charged projectile spectator nucleons Q in each particular event. The findings also indicate that neither the mass nor energy of projectile have an impact on MD.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
