https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06510-x
Regular Article
Modeling anisotropic strange stars in modified gravity via a CKV approach
1
Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques (IMSP), Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 613, Porto-Novo, Benin
2
École de Génie Rural (EGR), Université Nationale d’Agriculture, 01 BP 55, Porto-Novo, Benin
3
Laboratoire de Physique et Applications (LPA), FAST, UNSTIM, BP 486, Abomey, Benin
Received:
27
March
2025
Accepted:
29
May
2025
Published online:
17
June
2025
This work explores the internal structure of anisotropic compact stars within the context of 
gravity, utilizing Conformal Killing Vector (CKV) approach to describe ultra-dense strange quark star models. The analysis is based on the MIT Bag Model for Strange Quark Matter (SQM) and assumes a direct proportionality between tangential pressure and energy density. By solving the modified Einstein field equations analytically, we examine a range of physical parameters such as the matter-geometry coupling constant 
, the bag pressure B, and the anisotropy parameter 
, focusing specifically on the star candidate 
. The resulting spacetime geometry remains regular and free of singularities. Physical quantities like energy density and both radial and tangential pressures attain their maximum at the stellar core and decrease steadily toward the surface. The anisotropic stress increases outward, reaching its highest value at the boundary layer. All standard energy conditions are fulfilled, and the model is consistent with the Buchdahl compactness criterion. Our investigation of the mass-to-radius relationship indicates that both the total mass and radius increase as the coupling parameter grows, deviating from predictions under General Relativity. The generalized Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation confirms equilibrium through a balance of forces, including a repulsive component 
induced by the matter-curvature interaction. Additional stability tests, such as Herrera’s cracking method and the behavior of adiabatic indices, further support the model’s viability. Gravitational redshift at the surface diminishes with increasing , while the compactness factor remains indicative of an extremely dense configuration. Numerical data reveal that higher values of correspond to lower central and surface densities, as well as reduced compactness (2M/R). Overall, the proposed model offers a consistent and regular representation of anisotropic strange stars in the framework of modified gravity, shedding light on the combined effects of curvature corrections, pressure anisotropy, and quark matter properties in compact star physics.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
