https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06098-2
Regular Article
Soliton excitation in a weak relativistic quantum plasma
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
2
Department of Physics, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
a
s_mirabotalebi@iau-tnb.ac.ir
Received:
18
September
2024
Accepted:
5
February
2025
Published online:
5
May
2025
In a weakly relativistic plasma, the influence of quantum mechanics becomes evident through a finite Fermi temperature despite moderately high particle velocities, indicating a degenerate electron gas with significant quantum pressure. The plasma’s inherent nonlinearity allows for forming and propagating solitons, which are self-localized wave packets. The quantum considerations modify solitons’ dispersion and stability compared to a purely classical plasma. However, the ideal picture is often challenged by various interactions that can be incorporated into such a plasma. The effects of exchange, viscosity, and collision, as some inevitable interactions, are studied here to provide a more realistic picture of the soliton excitations in the plasma. The model’s analytical solutions are obtained through the Tanh approach in a perturbation manner. This approach is adopted considering the theory’s nonlinearity and is different from the conventional perturbation methods of linearization. The results show that viscosity and collision or dissipation are correlated and interdependent, so the viscosity coupling constant is four times the dissipation coupling constant. Also, the viscosity and dissipation have diminished effects and reduce the amplitude of the vector potential, while the exchange considerations have intensifying consequences.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
