https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06057-x
Regular Article
Enhanced angular sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance sensor based on Si-Ag-MXene structure for cortisol application
1
Department of Electronics Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, 248002, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
2
Reliability Mgmt. Department Failure Analysis Engineering Section, MOXA Inc., New Taipei City, Taiwan
3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
4
Department of ECE, Centre for IoT and AI(CITI), KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Received:
22
October
2024
Accepted:
23
January
2025
Published online:
12
February
2025
In this study, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor is designed and modelled analytically to achieve the maximum sensitivity with improved selectivity. To achieve this, an Ag layer is sandwiched between Si and MXene layers. The Si layer is placed between CaF2 prism and Ag layer. Because of its higher charge carrier transfer efficiency to the metal interface and superior charge carrier confinement, the Si layer in SPR sensor has significantly improved sensor’s performance. The Si and Ag layer thickness have been characterized to achieve optimized sensing parameters. The analysed designs ensure the maximum sensitivity of 437.5°/RIU and figure of merit (FoM) of 37.99/RIU. The estimation of the electric field distribution is also utilized to analyse the enhancement of the field at the interfaces between multiple layers of the material. A penetration depth (PD) of 273.52 nm, which represents the separation between positions from the maximum electric field intensity to 37% strength, has been attained. As a result, the proposed sensor can also detect the cortisol concentration, achieving the sensitivity and limit of detection (LoD) of 441.91°/RIU and 2.26 × 10–6 RIU, respectively. The proposed sensor demonstrates the potential for detecting concentration-based cortisol.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
