https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05686-y
Regular Article
Surface roughness effects on the propelling mechanism of spermatozoa
Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
a zasghar@psu.edu.sa, zee.qau5@gmail.com
Received:
19
August
2024
Accepted:
23
September
2024
Published online:
8
October
2024
The hydrodynamic behavior of swimming cells in a bounded domain filled with Oldroyd 8-constant fluid is expounded. Stokes equations normally hold for bodies swimming with slow speed, having small scales, and interacting with highly viscous medium. Besides fluid properties, gravitational force and angle of inclination are apt to enhance/reduce motility. In this work, we explore the motion of swimming sperms with gravitational effects. The two-dimensional infinite sheet (spermatozoa) is assumed in the channel center. The passage is declined with surface roughness effects. An appropriate numerical approach, the implicit finite difference method (IFDM) is adopted to solve the resulting differential equation. The speed of spermatozoa is simulated by Newton’s root finder. Energy losses are also calculated numerically. The assistive factors are highlighted in the discussion section. Sperms that attach or interact with the cervix face challenges if the surface is irregular, potentially impacting their ability to move further.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
