https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05606-0
Regular Article
Exploring bistable plankton dynamics: stochastic model analysis by SSF techniques
1
Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Dr. Sudhir Chandra Sur Institute of Technology & Sports Complex, 540 Dum Dum Road, Surermath, 700074, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
2
Department of Mathematics, JIS College of Engineering, 741235, Kalyani, India
3
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Received:
12
March
2024
Accepted:
28
August
2024
Published online:
23
October
2024
Exploration of the plankton dynamics encompasses various interests, from understanding ecological cycles to developing sustainable strategies in aquaculture research. Successfully cultivating economically valuable zooplankton, such as shrimp, relies heavily on phytoplankton availability. This study investigates a Leslie–Gower type model depicting interactions between phytoplankton and zooplankton, incorporating a Holling type-IV functional response and fish predation of zooplankton. We have examined the positivity of solutions, investigated the existence of equilibria, analyzed the local stability of the proposed model system, and explored the occurrence of Hopf and Bogdanov–Takens phenomena in the deterministic system. From numerical simulations in a deterministic system, we observed that fish predation and toxin stabilized the system. After expanding our deterministic system to incorporate stochastic elements by introducing white noise, we aimed to study regime shifts, specifically noise-induced transitions, using the SSF technique.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
