https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-04938-1
Regular Article
Thermal conductivity analysis for peristalsis of hybrid nanofluid with Darcy–Forchheimer law
1
Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
2
Department of Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Balochistan Campus (NBC), 87300, Quetta, Pakistan
3
Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Received:
19
October
2022
Accepted:
18
January
2024
Published online:
7
February
2024
Nanofluids have already demonstrated significant potential in the thermal expansion of numerous manufacturing industries and have been widely used in energy technologies in recent years. Therefore, peristalsis of hybrid nanomaterial is addressed. Hybrid nanomaterial consists of ferrous oxide and gold (
) nanoparticles immersed in water (
). Impact of Joule heating is also accounted. Further, Darcy–Forchheimer law is used to elaborate the nonlinear characteristics of porosity. Thermal and velocity slip conditions are imposed at channel walls. Dimensionless forms of system of equations and boundary constraints are simplified via long wavelength approximations. NDSolve technique is implemented for the solutions of differential system subject to the relevant boundary constraints. Graphs are plotted to examine temperature, pressure gradient and velocity.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.