https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03076-w
Regular Article
Integrability and lump solutions to an extended (2+1)-dimensional KdV equation
1
Key Laboratory of Crop Harvesting Equipment Technology, Jinhua Polytechnic, 321007, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
2
Normal School, Jinhua Polytechnic, 321007, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
3
Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
4
Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Florida, FL 33620, Tampa, USA
6
School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, 2735, Mmabatho, South Africa
Received:
20
April
2022
Accepted:
15
July
2022
Published online:
8
August
2022
The purpose of this paper is to investigate an extended KdV equation in (2+1)-dimensions which cannot be directly bilinearized. The equation contains many important integrable models as its special cases. On the basis of the exchange identities for Hirota’s bilinear operators and the existing research results, a bilinear Bäcklund transformation is presented for the extended equation. And then, associated with the obtained bilinear Bäcklund transformations, we derive a Lax pair and a modified equation in detail, which implies that the introduced equation is also integrable. Finally, two kinds of nonsingular rational solutions are generated from the nonlinear superposition formula and arbitrary travelling wave solutions. The first class of rational solutions shows us that the presented equation possesses a general class of lump solutions with negative coefficients of two second-order linear dispersion terms. The second class of nonsingular rational solutions is essentially travelling wave solutions due to special solution structures of the presented equation.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
