https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2017-11292-4
Regular Article
Covariant theory of Bose-Einstein condensates in curved spacetimes with electromagnetic interactions: The hydrodynamic approach
1
Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
2
Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, A.P. 14-740, 07000, México D.F., Mexico
* e-mail: chavanis@irsamc.ups-tlse.fr
Received:
7
July
2016
Accepted:
10
December
2016
Published online:
23
January
2017
We develop a hydrodynamic representation of the Klein-Gordon-Maxwell-Einstein equations. These equations combine quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, and general relativity. We consider the case of an arbitrary curved spacetime, the case of weak gravitational fields in a static or expanding background, and the nonrelativistic (Newtonian) limit. The Klein-Gordon-Maxwell-Einstein equations govern the evolution of a complex scalar field, possibly describing self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates, coupled to an electromagnetic field. They may find applications in the context of dark matter, boson stars, and neutron stars with a superfluid core.
© Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2017