https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06696-0
Regular Article
Thermal fluid flow modeling considering nonlinear thermal radiation and tetra-hybrid nanoliquid layer on Riga wedges: application in thermal engineering
1
Department of Mathematics, The Women University Multan, 60000, Multan, Pakistan
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, 31952, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
a saima.6377@wum.edu.pk, saimazainabwum@gmail.com
b
nakbar@pmu.edu.sa
Received:
15
February
2025
Accepted:
27
July
2025
Published online:
12
August
2025
This study presents a novel numerical investigation into the bioconvective stagnation point flow of tetra-hybrid nanofluids over a stretchable and shrinkable Riga wedge. The model uniquely integrates nonlinear thermal radiation, non-uniform heat sources, viscous dissipation, Soret and Dufour effects, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), chemical reactions, and gyrotactic microorganisms in a porous medium—an innovative combination not previously addressed in the literature. The study visually analyzes flow dynamics, microorganism distribution, and heat and mass transfer. It also provides a numerical assessment of the skin friction coefficient, motile microorganism density number, and Sherwood and Nusselt numbers under varying parameter values. Both velocity and skin friction coefficient show similar trends concerning the wedge angle. The thermal transport rate and temperature exhibit consistent behavior with the non-uniform heat source parameter. An increase in the radiation parameter enhances thermal distribution, while a higher Dufour number leads to a rise in temperature. Similarly, a larger Soret number results in greater concentration levels. The microorganism field and motile density number respond inversely to the Peclet number, and the motile density number decreases with a reduction in the bioconvective Lewis number. It is observed that the results for the shrinking Riga wedge surface are more significant than those for the stretching case. Comparison with existing studies shows good agreement, validating the present approach and results. Applications of this research span drug delivery systems, microfluidic devices, microbial fuel cells, industrial cooling systems, and enhanced oil recovery.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
