https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06514-7
Regular Article
An efficient image encryption scheme based on a novel hyperchaotic 2D-ACSES model and bit-level folding permutation
1
College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
3
Guizhou Big Data Academy, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
4
College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guiyang Institute of Humanities and Technology, 550025, Guiyang, China
5
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, 550025, Guiyang, China
Received:
5
December
2024
Accepted:
2
June
2025
Published online:
24
June
2025
Image encryption using chaotic maps is an important approach for securing digital images in the era of widespread Internet communication. We propose a novel discrete chaotic system, the two-dimensional Arcsin-Cubic-Sine-Exp System (2D-ACSES), which exhibits hyperchaotic dynamics, making it suitable for cryptographic applications. Based on the 2D-ACSES system, we introduce a new encryption scheme using bit-level folding permutation, improving the permutation efficiency. The process begins with an internal key generation method, transforming both the plaintext image and the initial key into internal keys, which initialize the system. The image matrix is reshaped into a bit matrix, which undergoes several transformation stages, including folding, row shifting, and refolding to increase confusion. Finally, the modified bit matrix is restored to the image matrix, which is further encrypted through row diffusion and pixel-level permutation. These steps enhance the diffusion of information, ensuring that the ciphertext is highly sensitive to both the plaintext and the initial keys, thus providing robust security. Simulation results and analysis demonstrate that the proposed encryption scheme provides strong security performance.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
