https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06417-7
Regular Article
Study on thermal analysis in multi-layer skin’s tissues induced by multiple pulse-laser irradiations
1
Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
2
The School of Arts and Sciences, University of Gambia, Serekunda, Gambia
a edrisa.mathematics@gmail.com, ejawo@utg.edu.gm
Received:
4
April
2025
Accepted:
9
May
2025
Published online:
14
June
2025
Heat distribution in multi-layer tissues, especially in the skin, is crucial for improving medical treatments, such as hyperthermia and laser therapy. Precise modeling of the thermal properties of skin layers is essential for achieving successful treatment outcomes. This study aims to investigate thermal dynamics in multi-layer tissues using high-order modeling techniques to optimize laser-based treatments. The local thermal non-equilibrium model is utilized in this study, incorporating the theory of porous media to account for the different thermal properties of blood and tissue in multi-layer biological tissues. The model is solved using a numerical method. The results show temperature distribution and thermal damage in multi-layer tissues under the influence of laser intensity, duration of laser exposure, and tissue porosity. As the laser intensity and duration increase, temperature distribution and thermal damage also increase. Porosity is inversely related to temperature distribution, with higher porosity leading to decreased temperature distribution.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
