https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-05996-9
Regular Article
Investigating radial flow-like effects via pseudorapidity and transverse spherocity dependence of particle production in pp collisions at the LHC
1
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, 453552, Indore, India
2
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
Received:
14
May
2024
Accepted:
8
January
2025
Published online:
8
February
2025
Recent observations of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) like signatures in high-multiplicity proton-proton (pp) collisions, have compelled the heavy-ion physics community to re-examine small collision systems for proper baseline studies. Event shape-based studies in pp collisions have succeeded to a certain extent in identifying the rare events mimicking such heavy-ion-like behavior. In this study, we incorporate PYTHIA8 and AMPT to study radial flow-like signatures in pp collisions at 
TeV as a function of transverse spherocity and pseudorapidity. The selection of softer events possibly carrying heavy-ion-like features is performed using the transverse spherocity event shape observable. As the particle production mechanism in midrapidity differs greatly from the forward rapidity, a pseudorapidity dependent study is meaningful. Keeping ALICE 3 upgrades at the LHC in mind, this study aims to demonstrate the transverse spherocity and pseudorapidity dependence of the mean transverse momentum, particle ratios, and kinetic freeze out parameters in pp collisions at 
= 13 TeV using PYTHIA8. We observe that the isotropic events show enhanced radial flow effects in all multiplicity classes, however, the jetty events show signatures of the radial flow-like effects only in high-multiplicity events. For the first time, we show the transverse spherocity and pseudorapidity dependence of partonic modification factor in pp collisions, which clearly shows that by choosing transverse spherocity, one can directly probe the radial flow-like effects in pp collisions at the LHC.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
