https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05867-9
Regular Article
Levenberg–Marquardt back-propagation algorithm for a developing unsteady hybrid nanofluid mixed convective flow across a revolving sphere: irreversibility analysis
Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Warangal, 506004, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
Received:
15
July
2024
Accepted:
20
November
2024
Published online:
30
November
2024
Enhanced thermal conductivity and shielding applications in electronic devices, solar collectors and concentrators have motivated researchers to deal with the study of nanofluid modelling in the presence of rotating sphere. In this study, a detailed investigation has been conducted on a rotating sphere using the Tiwari–Das model in the presence of radiation, magnetic and buoyancy effects to carry out thermal analysis and irreversibility analysis using various external parameters. The energy conversion effects have been captured using irreversibility analysis based on second law of thermodynamics. The dimensionless nonlinear ordinary differential equations were solved numerically using MATLAB bvp4c code, and back-propagation analysis was performed with the aid of ANN (artificial neural network). The outcomes reveal a surge in velocity along the x-direction with the unsteadiness parameter 
, showing that the mono-nanofluid surpasses the hybrid nanofluid in velocity. Conversely, the z-direction velocity displays a reverse trend. There is an enhancement in the entropy of the system with augmenting radiation 
and magnetic parameter 
. The skin friction coefficient decreased by 2.93–4.51% on increasing the unsteadiness parameter . Nusselt number increased with increasing rotational parameter 
Entropy of the system 
and Bejan number 
increased with increasing 
values. The maximum absolute error was of the order of 
The maximum mean squared error for Nusselt number was 3.0251E-11, which was attained in 441 epochs.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
