https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05580-7
Regular Article
Thermodynamic topological classification of D-dimensional dyonic AdS black holes with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
1
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Okara, 56130, Okara, Pakistan
2
Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ 1001, Baku, Azerbaijan
3
Physics Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, 99628, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Türkiye
Received:
8
December
2023
Accepted:
21
August
2024
Published online:
9
September
2024
In this paper, we study the thermodynamics of black holes (BHs) that exhibit nontrivial topological characteristics in their phase transition diagrams. We examine D-dimensional dyonic anti-de Sitter BHs within Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled with quasitopological electromagnetism. These BHs feature two types of charges: electric and magnetic. Our objective is to identify the critical points of these BHs, where phase transitions between various BH phases occur, and to investigate the topological charge (
) of these BHs. We utilize the thermodynamic domain, which comprises the space defined by the thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure, to analyze these BHs as defects inspired by topology. These defects represent points in the thermodynamic domain where the BHs exhibit singular or discontinuous behavior. We calculate the winding number (w) of these defects, which are integers that quantify the number of rotations around the origin when encircling a defect or singularity, to comprehend the local and global topology of the BHs. We observe that the topological number 
of the BHs is either 0 or 1, indicating that BHs possess either essential or simple topology. Furthermore, we find that BHs exhibit a more complex phase structure in 6D compared to other dimensions. Specifically, in 6D, we identify a natural triplet point, a region where 3 BH phases coexist, as well as discrete phase transitions between small, intermediate, and large BHs within a narrow range of parameters. Additionally, we note that BHs can belong to various thermodynamic topological classes based on different values of parameters, suggesting that BHs have the ability to undergo transitions in their topological phases.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
