https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05309-6
Regular Article
Monte Carlo predictions for the production of primary and strange Hadrons at LHC energies and study of the thermal properties of system
Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad Campus, Park Road Chak Shahzad, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
b
uzma.tabassam@comsats.edu.pk
Received:
18
September
2023
Accepted:
24
May
2024
Published online:
24
June
2024
The production of primary charged particles 
, 
, 
, 
, strange particles 
, 
, 
, 
and multi-strange particles 
and 
are investigated in proton–proton (pp) collision at 
and 
. Particle production is simulated using different color reconnection modes (CR1, CR2, CR3 and CR4) of the PYTHIA8 Monte Carlo event generator in the midrapidity region of 
and in transverse momentum range of 
. The HIJING 2.0 predictions are also investigated in the same kinematic regions. The simulated data is compared with the ALICE data to check the validity of the results. The baryon to meson ratio gives a clear picture of flow effects at low 
values as confirmed by the CR modes. To study the thermal properties of the system, the modified Hagedorn distribution function is used to extract the freeze-out temperature. The minimum 
fit performed on the 
spectra is considered as the best fit.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
