https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05288-8
Regular Article
Predicting critical transitions in a bistable predator–prey system with prey-influenced competition among predators
1
Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Indian Institute of Information Technology, 813210, Bhagalpur, India
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Kalyani, 741235, Kalyani, India
Received:
12
April
2024
Accepted:
17
May
2024
Published online:
12
June
2024
Comprehending the intricacies of predator–prey systems is vital due to their pivotal role in maintaining ecological balance. The present study delves into a predator–prey model, incorporating Smith growth for prey, Beddington–DeAngelis response function, predator growth from additional food sources, and the influence of prey on intraspecies competition among predators. We systematically examine feasibility and stability criteria of system’s equilibria, exploring codimension-1 and 2 bifurcations, revealing two bistability phenomena. Our findings emphasize the critical role of predator growth due to additional foods and intraspecific predator competition in shaping species survival. Different scenarios emerge such as prey extinction and coexistence of species based on the parameter configuration. Higher predator growth due to the supplementary foods leads to prey extinction; lower intraspecific competition among predators has a similar outcome. Conversely, lower predator growth due to the additional foods fosters coexistence of species, which also happens for higher intraspecies predator competition. Additionally, our analysis using the stochastic sensitivity function unveils diverse transition scenarios around deterministic bistabilities. Noise levels’ significance in determining transition thresholds is elucidated through confidence ellipse domains.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
