https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-04871-3
Regular Article
Study of traversable wormhole solutions via Karmarkar condition in 
theory of gravity
1
School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
3
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Faisalabad Campus, Chiniot, Pakistan
4
Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
5
Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
Received:
5
October
2023
Accepted:
4
January
2024
Published online:
30
January
2024
The present manuscript examines the traversable wormhole solutions in 
theory of gravity, where R denotes the Ricci scalar, 
represents the scalar potential, and X is the kinetic term. To do our work, we develop a shape function by applying the Karmarkar condition. Our suggested shape function combines two asymptotically flat areas, demonstrating the presence of a Morris–Thorne traversable wormhole. We analyze the validity of our proposed shape function with the help of graphical representations. For our current investigation, we choose three appropriate modified gravity models and investigate the wormhole geometry. It can be observed through graphical analysis that energy conditions especially null energy conditions are not satisfied. The violation of energy conditions indicates the existence of exotic matter, which is the validation of wormholes in theory of gravity.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
