https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04704-9
Regular Article
A comprehensive analysis of the materials of the ancient Seawall in Hangzhou, China
1
School of Art and Archaeology, Zhejiang University, 310028, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
3
Hangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute, 310008, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
4
The Traditional Architecture Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, 310030, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
b
zhangbiji@zju.edu.cn
c
hu_yulan@zju.edu.cn
Received:
27
June
2023
Accepted:
17
November
2023
Published online:
2
December
2023
The ancient seawalls of the Qiantang River have a long history. They served as crucial structures for safeguarding coastal areas against tides and reached their peak of construction during the Ming and Qing dynasties. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the innovative use of starch mortar as cement material greatly enhanced the strength of seawalls. In Linping District, Hangzhou, on the north bank of the Qiantang River, a significant discovery was made in 2021. It involved a large fish-scale stonewall dating back to 1784–1987, corresponding to the 49th to 52nd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty. In this paper, the main materials of the stone seawall were analyzed using section analysis, X-ray diffraction, microscopic analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results show that the plum pile at the bottom of the stone seawall was made of Chinese fir; the stones in the seawall body had various types, and the iron materials at the stone joint had both cast iron and steel. The report on adding glutinous rice juice to the mortar has also been confirmed. These can provide a reference for protecting and restoring the seawall sites.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
