https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04430-2
Regular Article
Scientific analysis of the bronze artifacts excavated from Xinfeng cemetery, Lintong district, Xi’an City, China: raw material sources determined by lead isotopes and trace elements
1
School of History, Anhui University, 230039, Hefei, China
2
Department of Cultural Relics Protection, Tianshui Normal University, 741000, Tianshui, China
3
Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, 710054, Xi’an, China
Received:
23
March
2023
Accepted:
31
August
2023
Published online:
15
September
2023
Four bronzes excavated from Xinfeng Qin Cemetery, Shaanxi Province, were analyzed by SEM–EDS, LA-MC-ICP-MS and ICP-MS. The results of the lead isotope analysis indicate that Xinfeng bronzes, the early Qin period bronzes and some Qin Mausoleum bronzes may use similar mineral materials from the western Henan Province, which reveal the circulation of metal resources between Qin state and Chu state in the late Warring States Period. The lead isotope ratios comparison also shows that some Xinfeng bronzes are imported from Qi or Yan state as a result of population migration. The result of the trace elements is consistent with the result of the lead isotope analysis. This study provides new evidences for understanding the supply network of metal resource of Qin state during the late Warring States Period.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
