https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04354-x
Regular Article
Direct numerical simulation of a moving droplet impacting a moving particle: effects of particle–droplet density ratio, Bond number, and Reynolds number
1
Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
2
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan, China
3
School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Received:
8
December
2022
Accepted:
4
August
2023
Published online:
17
August
2023
In this work, a moving droplet impacting a moving particle is investigated for a wide range of impact conditions: particle–droplet density ratio (1 ≤ Ω ≤ 10), Bond number (0.177 ≤ Bo ≤ 1.765), and Reynolds number (16.381 ≤ Re ≤ 32.763), by using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) coupled with a modified immersed boundary method. Six key results are obtained. (1) Three collision regimes are identified in this work: separation, deposition, and agglomeration. (2) The separation regime can be split into two sub-regimes: separation-I and separation-II. (3) And the agglomeration also has two sub-regimes: agglomeration-I and agglomeration-II. In the available literature, the agglomeration-II was discussed only for a droplet impacting a fixed particle, but never for a moving particle. (4) For deposition and agglomeration, the vertical velocity of the particle experiences three stages, while for separation, the vertical velocity of the particle can be classified into four stages. (5) For separation-II process, the vertical velocity of the droplet is larger than its particle counterpart. (6) A regime map for Re–Ω is concluded.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
