Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2022) 137: 330
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-02515-y

Regular Article

An isotropic compact stellar model in curvature coordinate system consistent with observational data

Central University of Jharkhhand, Cheri-Manatu, Ranchi, India

Received: 25 February 2021
Accepted: 21 February 2022
Published online: 11 March 2022

Abstract

This paper investigates a spherically symmetric compact relativistic body with isotropic pressure profiles within the framework of general relativity. In order to solve the Einstein’s field equations, we have considered the Vaidya–Tikekar type metric potential, which depends upon parameter K. We have presented a charged perfect fluid model, considering $K\notin [0,1]$, which represent compact stars like Her X-1, 4U 1538-52, SAX J1808.4-3658, LMC X-4, SMC X-4, EXO 1785-248, Cen X-3 and Cyg X-2, to an excellent degree of accuracy. We have investigated the physical features such as the energy conditions, velocity of sound, surface redshift, adiabatic index of the model in detail and shown that our model obeys all the physical requirements for a realistic stellar model. Using the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations, we have explored the hydrostatic equilibrium and the stability of the compact objects. This model also fulfils the Harrison–Zeldovich–Novikov stability criterion. We have checked the behaviour of the system in the presence of a very high charge (around ${10}^{20}$ Coulomb at surface), which causes an electric field intensity above the Schwinger limit. This amount of charge is mainly caused due to very high density of the system, and a dense system like a compact star can contain such a huge charge. The results obtained in this paper can also be used in analysing other isotropic compact objects.