Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2019) 134: 537
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2019-12932-3

Review

Prospects for multi-messenger extended emission from core-collapse supernovae in the Local Universe

¹ Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong Gwangin-gu, 143-747, Seoul, Korea
² OzGrav-UWA, Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
³ School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
⁴ Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
⁵ INAF, IASF, Via Gobetti, 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
⁶ Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131, Napoli, Italy

^* e-mail: mvp@sejong.ac.kr

Received: 24 February 2019
Accepted: 13 August 2019
Published online: 28 October 2019

Abstract

Multi-messenger emissions from SN1987A and GW170817/GRB170817A suggest a Universe rife with multi-messenger transients associated with black holes and neutron stars. For LIGO-Virgo, soon to be joined by KAGRA, these observations promise unprecedented opportunities to probe the central engines of core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe) and gamma-ray bursts. Compared to neutron stars, central engines powered by black hole-disk or torus systems may be of particular interest to multi-messenger observations by the relatively large energy reservoir E _J of angular momentum, up to 29% of the total mass in the Kerr metric. These central engines are expected from relatively massive stellar progenitors and compact binary coalescence involving a neutron star. We review prospects of multi-messenger emission by catalytic conversion of E _J by a non-axisymmetric disk or torus. Observational support for this radiation process is found in a recent identification of in Extended Emission to GW170817 at a significance of concurrent with GRB170817A. A prospect on similar emissions from nearby CC-SNe justifies the need for all-sky blind searches of long duration bursts by heterogeneous computing.