Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2019) 134: 176
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2019-12493-5

Regular Article

Optimization of entropy generation in thermally stratified polystyrene-water/kerosene nanofluid flow with convective boundary condition

¹ Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Riphah International University, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
² Department of Mathematics, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan

^* e-mail: m.farooq@riphah.edu.pk

Received: 27 November 2018
Accepted: 3 January 2019
Published online: 26 April 2019

Abstract

The refinements of thermodynamic features of systems greatly depend on the generation of entropy since it produces thermodynamic irreversibility more appropriately. Efficiency of energy transportation in a system can be improved by minimization of rate of entropy generation. Due to such a crucial role in thermodynamics systems, our main focus is to elaborate the features of entropy generation in polystyrenerene-water and polystyrene-kerosene nanofluids with the combined phenomena of thermal stratification and convective boundary condition. Viscous dissipation and stagnation points are implemented to analyze the flow characteristics deformed by the Riga plate. Momentum and energy equations are modeled in view of the above assumptions. Dimensionless governing equations are acquired by using similar transformations. Descriptions of numerous physical parameters are scrutinized on the temperature, entropy generation and velocity distribution. As an outcome, entropy generation can be minimized by implementing the dominant thermal stratification parameter and the further rate of decay of entropy generation is more prominent in water-polystyrene in comparison to kerosene-polystyrene nanofluid.