Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133: 361
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-12180-1

Regular Article

Velocity slip in mixed convective oblique transport of titanium oxide/water (nano-polymer) with temperature-dependent viscosity

¹ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, HITEC University, Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
² Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

^* e-mail: rashid.mehmood@hitecuni.edu.pk

Received: 15 February 2018
Accepted: 27 July 2018
Published online: 11 September 2018

Abstract

Nano-polymers are the emerging development in cell coatings due to their enhanced durability and thermal efficiency. The viscosity of such fluids is considerably influenced by temperature. Motivated by fascinating applications of nano-polymers, the present article offers a mathematical study of steady, oblique transport of titanium water-based nano-polymer gels under mixed convection effects. To simulate real nano-polymer boundary interface dynamics, convective surface along with velocity slip are analysed at the wall. Viscosity is assumed to be temperature-dependent in our analysis. The conservation equations for mass, momentum (both normal and tangential) and energy are normalized using appropriate transformations leading to a multi degree nonlinear ordinary differential equations problem. Numerical solutions are attained using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting quadrature in the symbolic software MATLAB. The influence of key evolving parameters, namely mixed convection parameter, velocity slip parameter, nanoparticles volume fraction on non-dimensional velocity components, temperature, normal and tangential skin friction coefficients and local heat flux is examined. Increasing the velocity slip parameter decreases the velocity components while it increases the temperature. The simulations performed reveal that the normal skin friction coefficient and the heat flux at the wall increase with enhancing the nanoparticles volume fraction.