Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2018) 133: 152
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-11891-5

Regular Article

Thermally stratified squeezed flow between two vertical Riga plates with no slip conditions

¹ Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
² Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
³ Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

^* e-mail: mikhan@math.qau.edu.pk

Received: 26 April 2017
Accepted: 17 January 2018
Published online: 16 April 2018

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the mixed convective squeezing nanomaterials flow between two vertical plates, one of which is a Riga plate embedded in a thermally stratified medium subject to convective boundary conditions. Heat transfer features are elaborated with viscous dissipation. Single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes are taken as nanoparticles to form a homogeneous solution in the water. A non-linear system of differential equations is obtained for the considered flow by using suitable transformations. Convergence analysis for velocity and temperature is computed and discussed explicitly through BVPh 2.0. Residual errors are also computed by BVPh 2.0 for the dimensionless governing equations. We introduce two undetermined convergence control parameters, i.e. and , to compute the lowest entire error. The average residual error for the k -th-order approximation is given in a table. The effects of different flow variables on temperature and velocity distributions are sketched graphically and discussed comprehensively. Furthermore the coefficient of skin friction and the Nusselt number are also analyzed through graphical data.