Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2017) 132: 377
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2017-11650-2

Regular Article

Ferrite nanoparticles Ni- ZnFe₂O₄ , Mn- ZnFe₂O₄ and Fe₂O₄ in the flow of ferromagnetic nanofluid

Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan

^* e-mail: noor@math.qau.edu.pk

Received: 25 May 2017
Accepted: 18 July 2017
Published online: 5 September 2017

Abstract

The performance of convective heat transfer is elevated in boundary layer flow regions via nanoparticles. A magnetic dipole in the presence of ferrite nanoparticles plays a vital role in controlling the thermal and momentum boundary layers. In view of this, the impacts of a magnetic dipole on the nano boundary layer, laminar, and steady flow of an incompressible ferromagnetic NiZnFe₂O₄-C₂H₆O₂ (nickel zinc ferrite-ethylene glycol), MnZnFe₂O₄-C₂H₆O₂ (manganese zinc ferrite-ethylene glycol), and Fe₂O₄-C₂H₆O₂ (magnetite ferrite-ethylene glycol) nanofluids are characterized for the first time in the present analysis. Flow is caused by a linear stretching sheet. Fourier’s law of heat conduction is hired for the evaluation of heat flux. Impacts of emerging parameters on the magneto-thermomechanical coupling are analyzed numerically. It is seen that the characteristics of magneto-thermomechanical interaction decelerate the movements of fluid particles, thereby strengthen the skin friction coefficient and reduce the heat transfer rate at the surface. Further, it is evident that a solid volume fraction has increasing behaviour on the rate of heat transfer in the boundary layer. Comparisons with available results for specific cases are found in excellent agreement.