Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2015) 130: 97
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2015-15097-1

Regular Article

Charge-varying sine-Gordon deformed defects

¹ Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, PO Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
² Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil

^* e-mail: alexeb@ufscar.br

Received: 9 January 2015
Revised: 15 March 2015
Accepted: 28 April 2015
Published online: 26 May 2015

Abstract

Sine-Gordon deformed defects that exhibit unusual phenomenological features on the topological charge are investigated. The possibility of a smooth and continuous transition between topological (non-null charge) and non-topological (null charge) scenarios of deformed defects supported by sine-Gordon structures is evinced by the analytical calculation of topological charges and localized energy distributions. By describing cyclic deformation chains, we show that a triggering sine-Gordon model simultaneously supports kink- and lump-like defects, whose topological mass values are closed by trigonometric or hyperbolic successive deformations. In spite of preserving analytical closure relations constraining the topological masses of 3- and 4-cyclically deformed defects, the deformation chains produce kinks and lumps which exhibit non-monotonic behavior and extra inflection points. The outcome of our analysis suggests that cyclic deformations create novel scenarios of physical and mathematical applicability of defect structures supported by the sine-Gordon theory.