https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-07816-0
Regular Article
Dual-channel wireless communication system based on FPGA-controled polarization-independent programmable metasurface
1
Zhejiang College of Construction, 311231, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
2
The Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, China Jiliang University, 310018, Hangzhou, China
a
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Received:
28
October
2025
Accepted:
11
May
2026
Published online:
1
June
2026
Abstract
We propose a polarization-independent digitally programmable metasurface capable of independently manipulating electromagnetic waves under x- and y-polarized incidence. Each metasurface unit integrates four PIN diodes to achieve 1-bit phase modulation, providing a phase difference of approximately 180° at 5.9 GHz, along with high reflection efficiency and polarization isolation capability. The metasurface is fabricated using a cost-effective FR4 substrate while maintaining the structural integrity of the original design. A dual control scheme combining point control and column control is adopted, enabling real-time regulation of the metasurface array through dynamic FPGA-coded output and I/O expansion modules. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the metasurface can independently and simultaneously realize beam scanning in orthogonal planes under circularly polarized incidence. Finally, based on this metasurface, a dual-channel wireless communication system is constructed, in which two 64 × 64-bit binary images are successfully transmitted through orthogonal polarization channels, with bit error rates of 2.2% and 2.6%, respectively. The experimental results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed metasurface structure for multifunctional and parallel wireless information transmission.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
