https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-07512-z
Regular Article
Multi-channel barcode encryption based on reflected symmetric and asymmetric spin splitting of vortex beams
1
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, 150025, Harbin, China
2
School of Economics, Beijing International Studies University, 100024, Beijing, China
a
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b
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Received:
19
August
2025
Accepted:
1
March
2026
Published online:
17
March
2026
Abstract
Achieving dynamic adjust ability and multi-channel flexibility in optical encryption remains a critical challenge for high-security applications. We constructed a multilayer heterostructure composed of twisted black phosphorus (BP) interfaced with hyperbolic α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) and defect-engineered hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to thoroughly investigate the vortex beam-induced spin splitting. Based on the symmetric and asymmetric spin splitting, a novel multi-channel barcode encryption platform is introduced. Numerical simulations show that the symmetric and asymmetric spin splitting are precisely manipulated by the twisted angles in BP layers, while a defect-engineered hBN amplifies the spin splitting. Through the synergistic co-modulation of the topological charge, twisted angles, and the electric charge carrier density, we develop dynamically reconfigurable 4/6/8/12-channels barcode encryption schemes. Not only does the scheme substantially elevates the coding capacity and security, but it also empowers the encryption system to sustain outstanding performance across diverse noise environments, demonstrating remarkable environmental resilience and stability. The findings offer a theoretical framework for high-capacity secure communication and establish a new paradigm for advanced information encryption with tunable spin–orbit interactions in van der Waals heterostructures.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
