Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2026) 141: 225
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-07467-1

Regular Article

Nonlinear Schrödinger equation solutions for bessel pulse propagation in chiral kerr media with multiphoton absorption

¹ Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, University of Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, 19000, Setif, Algeria
² Department of Electrotechnic, University Mustapha Stambouli, 29000, Mascara, Algeria
³ Department of Electronic, EPO Laboratory, University Djillali Liabes, 22000, Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria

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Received: 23 October 2025
Accepted: 20 February 2026
Published online: 3 March 2026

Abstract

This research presents a comprehensive computational framework for solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) in chiral Kerr media experiencing multiphoton absorption. Unlike previous studies that neglected nonlinear losses, we provide a rigorous treatment of the coupled dynamics between nonlinear chirality and nonlinear losses (NLLs), two critical parameters that fundamentally govern pulse propagation in biisotropic optical fibers. The nonlinear nature of chirality is explained through a constitutive framework describing how intense electric fields influence the magnetization vector, while accounting for higher order dispersion effects and third-order susceptibility. Using the split-step Fourier method, we investigate the propagation characteristics of Bessel beams, known for their non-diffractive properties and self-healing capabilities, in these complex media. We derive generalized equations through function fitting that accurately describe the evolution of right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) and left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) output pulses under various M-photon absorption scenarios. The results demonstrate significant dependencies of pulse dynamics on both chirality parameters and absorption mechanisms, revealing regime-dependent coupling that transitions from quasi-independent effects (M $=$ 1–2) to synergistic nonlinear interactions (M $\ge$ 4), with quantifiable exponential relationships established between output power and photon absorption order. Strong chirality (${\mathrm{{\rm Y}}}_{\mathit{kerr}}=$ 3.85 $\times$ 10 ^-17${\text{W}}^{-1}{\text{cm}}^2$) actively mitigates multiphoton losses, while weak chirality permits dissipative dominance, demonstrating fundamentally non-additive coupling where the ${\mathrm{{\rm Y}}}_{\xi }/{\alpha }_M$ ratio determines propagation characteristics. This work is particularly relevant for advanced photonic applications in metamaterials, sensing devices, and specialized fiber optic systems where electromagnetic field coupling and polarization control are essential.