https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-07242-8
Regular Article
Gravitationally-induced matter creation cosmology with power-law decaying vacuum energy
Department of Applied Mathematics, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, 110 042, Delhi, India
a
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Received:
10
August
2025
Accepted:
19
December
2025
Published online:
14
January
2026
Abstract
We study a cosmological model with a decaying vacuum energy density evolving as 
, coupled to dark matter via gravitationally induced particle creation. The interaction emerges naturally from the decay process, helping alleviate the cosmic coincidence problem. Assuming a creation rate 
, we derive analytical expressions for key cosmological parameters and constrain the model using Bayesian MCMC analysis. Observational datasets include CMB distance priors, BAO, Pantheon
SNe Ia, cosmic chronometers, and structure growth data. The best-fit values of the Hubble constant are 
, 69.79, and 68.95 km/s/Mpc for the BASE, +SGR, and +CMB DP datasets, respectively. The model parameters 
and 
are found to be of order 
and 
, indicating slow vacuum decay and subtle matter creation which becomes negligible at late-times. A smooth transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion is observed through the deceleration parameter and transition redshift. The model respects the Generalized Second Law of thermodynamics and performs comparably or better than 
CDM under model selection criteria. It offers a minimal and promising extension to standard cosmology, with potential to address key late-time evolution.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
