https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06979-6
Regular Article
Oblique propagation of ion-acoustic waves in magnetized multi-component plasma: effect on modulational instability, envelope excitation and rogue waves
1
Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
2
Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, 600127, Chennai, India
3
Department of Mathematics (DODL), University of Kalyani, 741235, Kalyani, India
Received:
30
July
2025
Accepted:
20
October
2025
Published online:
2
November
2025
Modulational instability of obliquely propagating ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma system composed of Combined Kappa–Cairns distributed electrons with warm ions and static dust grains is analyzed by employing the reductive perturbation method based on a hydrodynamic plasma model. This framework facilitates a comprehensive investigation of the modulational instability of ion-acoustic waves highlighting the impact of physical parameters including the obliqueness of wave propagation, the nonthermal parameter, suprathermality, and the external magnetic field, on the unstable zones and the variation of the maximum growth rate of instability. The formation of envelope solitons depending on the conditions of modulational instability have been illustrated explicitly, which provides significant aspects regarding the plasma system’s dynamic characteristics. The evolution of rogue waves due to modulational instability is explored within this framework, with an emphasis on how the magnetic field, oblique propagation, and energetic Combined Kappa–Cairns electrons modify the waves’ amplitudes. Specifically, larger magnetic fields broaden these structures by improving dispersion, whereas increased obliqueness, nonthermal effects, and suprathermality reduce the amplitude and width of rogue waves. These results provide additional information regarding how rogue wave generation is predicted and regulated in realistic plasma systems. Influenced by spacecraft information from ISEE-2, Ulysses and the Parker Solar Probe, this study is expected to advance the understanding of nonlinear plasma phenomena across the solar wind, magnetosheath, and heliospheric regions.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
