https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06930-9
Regular Article
Null geodesics, thermodynamics, weak gravitational lensing, and black hole shadow characteristics of a Frolov regular black hole with constraints from EHT observations
1
The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C.I.T. Campus, Taramani, 600113, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University, 246174, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
3
Centre for Space Research, North-West University, 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
4
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, 799046, Agartala, Tripura, India
5
National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
a
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Received:
18
March
2025
Accepted:
4
October
2025
Published online:
17
October
2025
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the properties of null geodesics, thermodynamics, gravitational lensing, and black hole shadows in the vicinity of a static regular Frolov black hole. By analyzing the trajectories of null geodesics, we investigate the bending of light in weak field regimes. The black hole shadow is studied in detail, with constraints on its parameters derived from observational data of the EHT collaboration. Further, we examine shadow images under a spherically symmetric accretion flow and compute the energy emission rate to understand the black hole radiation characteristics. The obtained results demonstrate how the Frolov black hole differs from well-known black hole solutions, such as Schwarzschild, Reissner–Nordström, and Hayward black holes. This study provides new insights into the impact of modified non-rotating regular black hole metrics on observational signatures. The findings have significant implications for future astrophysical observations and the testing of alternative gravity theories.
© The Author(s) 2025
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
