https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06878-w
Regular Article
Anisotropic configurations of new class of compact stars in modified teleparallel gravity
1
Department of Mathematics, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
2
Research Center of Astrophysics and Cosmology, 41 Mehseti Street, AZ1096, Baku, Azerbaijan
3
School of Science, Walailak University, 80160, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
4
College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, 80160, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
5
School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
a
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Received:
18
June
2025
Accepted:
16
September
2025
Published online:
8
October
2025
Abstract
This paper provides modeling of compact stars in the framework of modified teleparallel gravity theory. The f(T) gravity mechanism employs torsion rather than spacetime curvature to explain gravitational phenomena analogous to general relativity. In this study, we developed new compact stars solutions by evaluating the 
components of the spherically symmetric interior geometry by using the f(T) gravity field equations and linear equation of state. Further, we also evaluated the exterior solution from the available set of field equations rather than matching with the Schwarzschild solution or any other available exterior geometry. The physical parameters of the model are analyzed graphically by using observational data of four prominent compact stars 
. This viable study of compact objects includes the investigation of metric potential functions, energy density, equation of state, radial and tangential pressures, as well as their anisotropic effects. The Tolman–Volkoff equation (TOV) verifies the hydrostatic equilibrium, and it is also verified that all the standard energy conditions are satisfied in the stellar interior. Moreover, the causality condition is satisfied through analysis of sound speed and adiabatic index which lie in a stable regime, and therefore, the model proposed is physically viable and stable. This study explores how gravitational redshift behaves, and proposes explanations regarding stellar compactness and mass functions, and checks gradients spanning through the star radius. We observed that very close to the boundary, trace energy condition, dominant energy condition, and Abreu criteria show the instability for some compact star candidates; otherwise, as a whole, our proposed model is stable and physical. The studied gravity model meets all the physical and stability criteria, which verify that stellar configurations present realistic and uniform behavior. The research validates f(T) gravity as an effective theory to simulate compact astrophysical objects with valuable insights into gravity behavior in strong-field situations.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
