https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06801-3
Regular Article
Gradient-induced nonlinear beam transport and soliton asymmetry in PT-symmetric hyperbolic double-well optical potential
1
Department of Physics, Government Arts and Science College, 673018, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
2
Department of Physics, Government College, 673102, Madappally, Kerala, India
Received:
18
June
2025
Accepted:
26
August
2025
Published online:
3
September
2025
We explore the propagation characteristics of spatial optical solitons governed by modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation (MNLS) incorporating a gradient-induced nonlinear term and a tailored parity-time (PT)-symmetric complex potential. The asymmetric nonlinear term induces directional energy flow, often resulting in beam shift and profile distortion. To counteract these effects, we implement a symmetric double-well potential characterized by real and imaginary components. While a strong imaginary potential is effective in suppressing asymmetric drift, stability is optimally achieved through a careful balance between nonlinearity, gain/loss, and structural parameters. Through systematic simulations, we demonstrate that increasing the cubic nonlinearity coefficient and the real potential depth enhances energy localization contributing significantly to amplitude preservation. The separation parameter and width parameter of the potential play crucial roles in controlling beam symmetry and confinement. Linear stability analysis has been performed using the Bogoliubov–de Gennes (BdG) matrix method to delineate the parameter regimes required for amplitude and position stabilization. The results reinforce the critical role of the PT-symmetric potential in maintaining soliton robustness under perturbations. The incorporation of complex PT-symmetric potentials offers a powerful method to regulate beam dynamics in integrated optical circuits, waveguide arrays, and photonic lattices where gain and loss profiles can be engineered with high precision.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
