https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06777-0
Regular Article
Electron–phonon and field effects on bernal bilayer graphene spin structure factors
1
Department of Physics, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
2
Department of Physics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
a
Azizi.F@yahoo.com
b
Rezania.hamed@gmail.com
Received:
20
May
2025
Accepted:
19
August
2025
Published online:
1
September
2025
This study investigates the dynamical and static transverse spin structure factors of Bernal bilayer graphene using the Green’s function approach within the Holstein model Hamiltonian framework. The dynamical spin structure factor is proportional to the imaginary part of the dynamical transverse spin susceptibility. Calculations incorporate lattice fluctuations, employing the Holstein Hamiltonian model. We analyze the effects of parameters such as electron–phonon coupling strength, perpendicular magnetic field, interlayer potential difference, and electron doping on both dynamic and static transverse spin structure factors. Results indicate that increasing the electron–phonon coupling strength shifts the peak positions in the imaginary part of the dynamic spin susceptibility to higher frequencies, increasing the magnetic field shifts them to lower frequencies, while increasing the bias voltage does not affect the peak positions but modulates their intensity and influences the number of frequency modes.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
