https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06710-5
Regular Article
Lateral Goos–Hänchen shift in reflection and transmission via superposed super-Gaussian beams
Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
a
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Received:
15
March
2025
Accepted:
1
August
2025
Published online:
16
August
2025
The lateral Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflection and transmission of super-Gaussian light beams interacting with a cavity containing a four-level sodium atomic medium is investigated. The analysis demonstrates that the GH shift and the spatial characteristics of the reflected and transmitted super-Gaussian pulses can be precisely controlled by manipulating the parameters of the incident light beams. A complementary relationship between the reflection and transmission spectra is observed, highlighting the interdependence of these phenomena. Furthermore, the spatial intensity profiles of the transmitted and reflected beams, along with their corresponding GH shifts, exhibit significant modulation patterns near the origin in the 
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plane. These modulations result in beam shapes that transition between circular and elliptical geometries, with variations ranging from sharply defined to substantially broadened forms. The findings provide valuable insights for the development of advanced optical systems and precision sensing applications, paving the way for innovative uses of beam shaping and GH shift phenomena.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
