Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2021) 136: 499
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01486-w

Regular Article

Double-diffusive Air-CO₂ mixture flow in a staggered cavity with numerous concave lower wall aspect ratios

¹ Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
³ Department of Mechanical and Maintenance Engineering, School of Applied Technical Sciences, German Jordanian University, 11180, Amman, Jordan

^b khalid.saleem@uobasrah.edu.iq

Received: 8 March 2021
Accepted: 23 April 2021
Published online: 6 May 2021

Abstract

In this paper, double-diffusion natural convection for staggered cavities with a concaved lower wall is investigated. The finite volume procedure is utilized to solve the governing equations along with the boundary conditions. The current code is validated with previously published results. Impacts of Rayleigh number (10⁴ ≤ Ra ≤ 10⁶), buoyancy ratio (− 5 ≤ N ≤ 5), Lewis number (1 ≤ Le ≤ 5), and aspect ratio (0.1 ≤ AR ≤ 0.2) on the flow characteristics are investigated and presented as isotherms, streamlines, and iso-concentrations contours. Moreover, alterations of average Nusselt and average Sherwood numbers with these parameters are analyzed and discussed thoroughly. It is found that average Nusselt and average Sherwood numbers augment with Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio for aiding flows. These also are found to decrease with decreasing buoyancy ratio for opposing flows. Also, it is elucidated that the aspect ratio has an inverse relationship with average Nusselt and average Sherwood numbers in which the depression in these numbers is determined to be 10.4%.